Which data structure lists values where the order matters and can include duplicates?

The correct choice in this case is indeed an array. Arrays are a fundamental data structure that store a collection of items, typically of the same data type, in a contiguous block of memory. One of the key characteristics of arrays is that they maintain the order of the elements as they are added. This means that the position of each value is significant, and you can access elements by their index.

Another important aspect of arrays is that they allow for duplicate values. This means that you can have multiple instances of the same value within the same array, which is essential when the order of elements matters along with the possibility of having repeated values.

In contrast, sets do not maintain any specific order and automatically eliminate duplicates. Dictionaries are key-value pairs and while they maintain a certain order (in many implementations), the focus is on unique keys rather than the order of values. Tuples, although ordered and able to hold duplicates, are typically immutable, meaning their contents cannot be changed after they are created.

Thus, the defining features of arrays—preserving order and allowing duplicates—make them the correct answer to the question about data structures that list values where the order matters and can include duplicates.