What does the term "abstraction" refer to in programming?

Abstraction in programming refers to the practice of hiding complex details and allowing users to interact with a simplified interface. By focusing on essential features while concealing intricate workings, abstraction makes it easier for programmers to handle complexity without getting bogged down in the minute details. This not only enhances usability but also improves maintainability and flexibility in code, as developers can work on higher-level concepts without needing to understand every underlying mechanism.

For example, when using a function in a programming language, a programmer doesn't need to know how that function is implemented; they simply call it with the required parameters to accomplish a task. This simplifies the coding process and fosters a clearer understanding of the bigger picture, making it easier to manage larger programs.